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How to make 1N and 1M H2SO4 ?

Now let's see how to make 1 N and 1M  H2SO4 from 98% concentrated H2SO4 . This calculation varies with concentration of H2SO4. Because density varies with concentration of H2SO4 . Now we are having density 1.84 for 98% concentrated H2SO4.  If you are going to use less concentrated H2SO4 then first find out density of it then put that value in below formula instead of 1.84 H2SO4 is liquid, so at first we need to convert H2SO4 molecular weight (gm) into volume (ml) let's use formula density = mass / volume volume = mass of HCl  / density                             98.08 / 1.84 V = 53.30 ml Here we are making 1M and 1N  H2SO4 from 98% concentrated H2SO4. If you are going to use less concentrated H2SO4 then use that percentage value in below formula rather than 98%. Let's use formula  1M H2SO4 (98%) =  53.30 ml [ V ]                100%    ...
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ANTIBIOTICS

  What are antibiotics ? 

        Antibiotics are medicines that help us to stop infection caused by bacteria.they do that by killing them or stop their reproduction.  
   
    Sir Alexander Fleming was the first person who invented first antibiotic. That antibiotic was given name penicillin. 
    
          


 Born :  6 August 1881, lochfield, Scotland 

 Died :  11 March 1955, London,United kingdom 






Nobel prize:  They got nobel price in physiology or medicine in 1945, for the invention of penicillin that work against bacteria. 

Period of 1940 -1960 is known as golden age for antibiotics. 

Up to the 1997 scientist made thousands antibiotics. 
  

Type of antibiotics:

1) Broad spectrum antibiotics:

                                                          This type of antibiotics are effective against no. of different type of bacterias(microorganism). Hence we use them when we are unable to find exact kind of bacteria.
In other words this type of antibiotics are called versatile antibodies. 
Ex.   Ampicillin, amoxicillin, tetracycline etc.

2) Narrow spectrum antibiotics:

                                                            This type of antibiotics just effective against particular bacteria( microorganisms).
Ex.  Penicillin, gentamicin, erythromycin etc.

The bacteria who doesn't give any response to antibiotics called superbugs. 




        
   At the beginning of 2015, American scientist doctor Kim Lewis created ten thousand groups of Eleftheria terrae (bacteria) in the soil With the help of isolation chip.
  From one of that groups, they developed 
"Teixobactin" antibiotic . Only because of that "Teixobactin" now we are able to defeat illness like tuberculinise.

Teixobactin is the only one antibiotic has been formed Since 1987.

List of some important Antibiotics. 

1)     Penicillin 
2)     streptomycin 
3)     cephalosporins 
4)     erythromycin
5)     gentamicin 
6)     monobactms 
7)     neomycin 
8)     azithromycin
9)     tetracycline 
10)   vancomycin 





                                          





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