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How to make 1N and 1M H2SO4 ?

Now let's see how to make 1 N and 1M  H2SO4 from 98% concentrated H2SO4 . This calculation varies with concentration of H2SO4. Because density varies with concentration of H2SO4 . Now we are having density 1.84 for 98% concentrated H2SO4.  If you are going to use less concentrated H2SO4 then first find out density of it then put that value in below formula instead of 1.84 H2SO4 is liquid, so at first we need to convert H2SO4 molecular weight (gm) into volume (ml) let's use formula density = mass / volume volume = mass of HCl  / density                             98.08 / 1.84 V = 53.30 ml Here we are making 1M and 1N  H2SO4 from 98% concentrated H2SO4. If you are going to use less concentrated H2SO4 then use that percentage value in below formula rather than 98%. Let's use formula  1M H2SO4 (98%) =  53.30 ml [ V ]                100%    ...
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What are acids and bases ?

              In simple words PH is the power of hydrogen ions or atom's. We can measure PH of   aqueous solutions by using PH meters and PH   paper.



 First one is PH meter and 2nd one is PH paper.






At first we must know the range of PH. You can see the range of acids and bases in the above image. If PH is 7 means solution is neutral, and if PH is between 1 -6 then solution is acidic, between 8 - 14 is basic. 


If any one of them PH indicators show us solution is acidic means that solution contain more H+ ions or atoms  than OH- ions or atoms.

H+ > OH-


           And if any one of them PH indicator show us solution is basic means that solution contain more OH- ions than H+ ions.

H+ < OH-

If we use PH meter then it will directly show us PH of solution, from that PH we can identify it's 
acidic or basic or neutral. 

                 But if we use PH paper then we have to dip that paper in to the solution who's PH we want to know. Then match that colour of paper with PH paper colours as shown in image. 


SOME EXAMPLES OF ACIDS SOLUTION.             
   1) HCL                                                                         
  2)  H2SO4                                                                    
   3) HNO3                                                                  
    
This three solutions are acids because they contain H+ ions. Out of this three solutions HCL is strong acid because it has high dissociation power than H2SO4  &  HNO3.

HCL > H2SO4 > HNO3.

Acidity varies between 1 - 6 because different acid solutions have different dissociation power.

SOME EXAMPLES OF BASES SOLUTIONS.                              
1) NAOH                                                                      
2) KOH                                                                         
Out of this two bases NAOH is strong base than KOH just because of it's high dissociation power. 

    When we mix NAOH with water , NAOH easily get dissociate into NA+ & OH- ions as compare to KOH. 

SOME EXAMPLES OF NEUTRAL                            SOLUTIONS.                                                                  

1) water                                                                       
2) milk                                                                           
3) human blood                                                         

Milk PH is almost 6.7 it is slightly acidic just because of presence of lactic acid. But it's PH is to much close to 7 that's why milk consider as neutral. 









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